Diabetes Mellitus (DM) - Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is impaired insulin secretion and variable degrees of peripheral insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia. Early symptoms are related to hyperglycemia and include polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, and blurred vision. Later complications include vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, and predisposition to infection.
Learn How to Design a Digital Marketing Strategy for your Brand/Therapeutic Area - Select the Best Tactics - Measure Impact - Optimise the Mix - and More! How It Is Named. For generic names, this is the agency which has designated that name. Caring for Diabetes in Children & Adolescents; 3rd edition 2010. Edited by Geoffrey Ambler and Fergus Cameron. This on-line version is a joint project of The Children.
Diagnosis is by measuring plasma glucose. Treatment is diet, exercise, and drugs that reduce glucose levels, including insulin and oral antihyperglycemic drugs. Complications can be delayed or prevented with adequate glycemic control; heart disease remains the leading cause of mortality in DM. There are 2 main categories of diabetes mellitus—type 1 and type 2, which can be distinguished by a combination of features (see Table: General Characteristics of Types 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus). Terms that describe the age of onset (juvenile or adult) or type of treatment (insulin- or non–insulin- dependent) are no longer accurate because of overlap in age groups and treatments between disease types.
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Impaired glucose regulation (impaired glucose tolerance, or impaired fasting glucose—see Table: Diagnostic Criteria for Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Regulation*) is an intermediate, possibly transitional, state between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus that becomes more common with aging. It is a significant risk factor for DM and may be present for many years before onset of DM. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but typical diabetic microvascular complications are not very common (albuminuria and/or retinopathy develop in 6 to 1.
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